The Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad operated 75 miles of track from the Confederate capital north, crossing the Virginia Central Railroad at Hanover Junction, crossing the Rappahannock River at Fredericksburg and terminating at a wharf at Aquia Creek on the Potomac River, where steamships connected with Alexandria and Washington D.C.
At the beginning of the Civil War it had 11 engines and 134 cars of all kinds.