The 5th Regiment United States Colored Troops lost 4 officers and 77 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded and 2 officers and 166 enlisted men to disease during the Civil War.
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1863
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| August to November | Organized at Camp Delaware, Ohio |
| November | Moved to Norfolk, Va. Duty at Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va. attached to United States Forces, Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina |
| December 5-24 | Wild’s Expedition to South Mills and Camden Court House, N. C. |
| December 8 | Action at Sandy Swamp, N. C. |
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1864
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| January | Moved to Yorktown, Va. Attached to 2nd Brigade, United States Forces, Yorktown, Va., 18th Corps, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina |
| February 6-8 | Wistar’s Expedition against Richmond |
| March 1-4 | Expedition to New Kent Court House in aid of Kilpatrick’s Cavalry |
| March 2 | New Kent Court House |
| March 9-12 | Expedition into King and Queen County |
| March 17-21 | Expedition into Matthews and Middlesex Counties |
| April | Attached to 2nd Brigade, Hincks’ Colored Division, 18th Corps, Army of the James, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina |
| May 4-June 15 | Butler’s operations on south side of the James River and against Petersburg and Richmond |
| May 4 | Capture of City Point |
| May-June | Fatigue duty at City Point and building Fort Converse on the Appomattox River |
| May 20 | Attack on Fort Converse |
| June | Attached to 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps |
| June 15-18 | First Assault on Petersburg |
| June 15 | Bailor’s Farm |
| June 16 – December 6 | Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond |
| June-August | In trenches before Petersburg |
| July 30 | Mine Explosion, Petersburg |
| August 28 | Moved to Deep Bottom |
| September 28-30 | Battle of Chaffin’s Farm, New Market Heights |
| September 29 | Fort Harrison |
| October 27-28 | Battle of Fair Oaks |
| November-December | In trenches before Richmond |
| December 7-27 | 1st Expedition to Fort Fisher, N. C. Attached to 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, then 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps |
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1865
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| January 7-15 | 2nd Expedition to Fort Fisher, N. C. |
| January 15 | Assault and capture of Fort Fisher, N. C. |
| January 19 | Sugar Loaf Hill |
| February 11 | Federal Point |
| February 18-20 | Fort Anderson |
| February 22 | Capture of Wilmington and Northeast Ferry |
| March 1-April 26 | Campaign of the Carolinas. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, Dept. of North Carolina |
| March 6-21 | Advance on Kinston and Goldsboro |
| March 21 | Occupation of Goldsboro |
| March 23-24 | Cox’s Bridge |
| April 9-14 | Advance on Raleigh |
| April 14 | Occupation of Raleigh |
| April 26 | Bennett’s House. Surrender of Johnston and his army. |
| May-September | Duty at Goldsboro, New Berne and Carolina City, N. C. |
| September 20 | Mustered out |