United States Regiments & Batteries > Ohio


The 73rd Ohio Infantry Regiment was organized at the end of 1861, reenlisted in 1864 and fought until the end of the war. It fought at Second Manassas and Gettysburg in the Eastern Theater and at Wauhatchie in the Western Theater and took part in the Atlanta Campaign, the March to the Sea, and the Campaign of the Carolinas.

The regiment lost 4 officers and 167 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded and 1 officer and 149 enlisted men to disease during the Civil War.

The 73rd Ohio is honored by a marker on the Second Bull Run battlefield at Manassas and a monument at Gettysburg.

1861
Organized at Chillicothe, Ohio under the authority of Colonel Orland Smith.
December 30 The 73rd Ohio Infantry Regiment mustered in under the command of Colonel Orland Smith and Major Richard Long.
1862
January Duty at Camp Logan
January 24-26 Moved to Grafton, W. Va., then to Fetterman
February 3 To New Creek. Attached to Cheat Mountain, District Western Virginia
February 6-7
Expedition to Romney, Va.
February 12-16 To Moorefield
February 18 Moved to Clarksburg
March 20 Moved to Weston, Va. and attached to Schenck’s Brigade, Dept. of the Mountains
April 10 Moved to Join Milroy at Monterey.
May 8

Battle of McDowell

June 2 Woodstock
June 3 Mt. Jackson
June 4 New Market
June 6

Harrisonburg

Attached to 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 1st Corps, Army of Virginia

June 8
Battle of Cross Keys
June 21 Major Long was promoted to lieutenant colonel.
June 26 Lieutenant Colonel Long was assigned temporary duty as Provost Marshall of the First Division, First Corps, Army of Virginia on the staff of Brigadier General Robert C. Schenck.
June At Middletown
July 7 To Sperryville
July 13 Lieutenant Colonel Long returned to the regiment.
July 16-19 Expedition to Madison Court House
August 16 – September 2

Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia

August 22 Freeman’s Ford
August 29-30
Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Manassas)

The 73rd Ohio was commanded by Colonel Orland Smith. It lost 25 men killed, 87 wounded, and 36 missing out of the 312 men engaged.

From the marker for the regiment on Chinn Ridge:

The enemy in our front, moving in concert with those on our flank, came out of the woods – their line masking and overlapping our own. The whole left of our brigade poured into them a murderous volley. The combat grew fierce indeed. But the contest was not long. On came the flanking column. We stood until the enemy had nearly gained our rear, and had opened fire upon our flank. Then we retired. -Samuel B. Hurst, Regimental Historian

September Duty In the Defenses of Washington, D.C. attached to 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 11th Corps, Army of the Potomac
September 25-28 Reconnaissance to Bristoe Station and Warrenton Junction
October 25 Attached to the newly created 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 11th Corps, Army of the Potomac. Colonel Orland Smith took command of the brigade as senior colonel.
December 12-16 March to Fredericksburg, Virginia.
1863
January 20-24
“Mud March”
February-April At Falmouth
April 17 Brigadier General Francis Barlow took command of the brigade and Colonel Smith returned to command of the regiment.
April 27-May 6

Chancellorsville Campaign

May 1-5

Battle of Chancellorsville

May 24 Brigadier General Barlow was given command of a division and Colonel Smith once again took command of the brigade as senior colonel while Lieutenant Colonel Richard Long commanded the regiment.
June 11-July 24

Gettysburg Campaign

July 1-3

Battle of Gettysburg

The regiment was commanded at Gettysburg by Lieutenant Colonel Richard Long, Jr. while Colonel Smith commanded the brigade.

From the monument next to the National Cemetery at Gettysburg: 

Engaged 338, Killed 21, Mortally wounded 19, Additional wounded 104, Missing 1, Total loss 145

Monument to the 73rd Ohio Infantry at Gettysburg

Monument to the 73rd Ohio Infantry at Gettysburg

Medal of Honor from the Civil War eraMusician Richard Enderlin of Company B was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions when he “voluntarily took a rifle and served as a soldier in the ranks during the first and second days of the battle. Voluntarily and at his own imminent peril went into the enemy’s lines at night and, under a sharp fire, rescued a wounded comrade.”

That wounded comrade was 41 year old Private George Nixon of Company B. Nixon had been hit twice, in the right hip and right leg. Sadly, Nixon would die on July 14, and is buried in the National Cemetery at Gettysburg. He was the great grandfather of President Richard M. Nixon.

July 5-24 Pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, Va .
July 26 Lieutenant Colonel Long was assigned as 11th Corps Provost Marshal on the staff of Major General Oliver O. Howard.
August – September Camp at Bristoe
September 24-October 3 Moved to Bridgeport, Ala. and attached to the Army of the Cumberland
October Duty at Bridgeport and Stevenson, Ala.
October 24-29 Reopening Tennessee River
October 28-29
Battle of Wauhatchie, Tenn.

The Regiment and its brigade carried a strong Confederate position by bayonet charge in an after-dark attack led by Colonel Smith, mentioned by General Grant as “one of the most daring feats of arms of the war.”

November 23-27

Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign

November 23 Orchard Knob
November 24-25
Tunnel Hill
November 25
Mission Ridge
November 28-December 17 March to relief of Knoxville, Tenn.
December 20 Lieutenant Colonel Long returned to the regiment.
1864
January 1 The regiment reenlisted. Veterans on furlough until March.
January 3 The brigade was dissolved in the army reorganization. Colonel Smith returned to command of the brigade.
February 17 Colonel Smith resigned. Lieutenant Colonel Long was promoted to colonel.
April Attached to 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 20th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland
May 1-September 8

Atlanta Campaign

May 8-11 Demonstrations on Rocky Faced Ridge
May 8-9

Buzzard’s Roost Gap

May 14-15

Battle of Resaca

The Regiment lost 10 killed, and 42 wounded

May 19 Cassville
May 25

New Hope Church

The Regiment lost 15 killed, and 59 wounded

May 25-June 5 Operations on line of Pumpkin Vine Creek and battles about Dallas, New Hope Church and Allatoona Hills
June 10-July 2 Operations about Marietta and against Kenesaw Mountain
June 11-14 Pine Hill
June 15-17
Lost Mountain
June 15
Gilgal or Golgotha Church
June 17
Muddy Creek
June 19
Noyes Creek
June 22
Kolb’s Farm
June 27

Assault on Kenesaw

Colonel Long resigned as unfit for duty due to a medical condition of “attacks of congestion on the brain which threaten apoplexy.”

July 4 Ruff’s Station
July 5-17 Chattahoochie River
July 19-20
Peach Tree Creek
July 22-August 25

Siege of Atlanta

August 26-September 2 Operations at Chattahoochie River Bridge
September 2-November 15 Occupation of Atlanta
November 15

March to the sea

December 10-21

Siege of Savannah

1865
January to April

Campaign of the Carolinas

February 2 Lawtonville, S.C.
March 14 Reconnaissance on Goldsboro Road, N. C.
March 16 Taylor’s Hole Creek, Averysboro
March 19-21

Battle of Bentonville

The Regiment lost 5 killed, and 25 wounded

March 24 Occupation of Goldsboro
April 10-14 Advance on Raleigh
April 14 Occupation of Raleigh
April 26

Bennett’s House

Surrender of Johnston and his army.

April 29-May 20 March to Washington, D.C., via Richmond
May 24 Grand Review
June Moved to Louisville, Ky.
July 20 The 73rd Ohio Infantry Regiment mustered out