< to June • July 1861
Commanded by Brigadier General Joseph E. Johnston
The Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) on July 21 was the first large battle of the Civil War. Joseph Johnston’s Army of the Valley from Winchester joined Beauregard’s Army of the Potomac at Manassas in time to help defeat the Federals. Johnston was the senior officer but did not assume command immediately as Beauregard knew the battlefield and the plan, but after the battle Johnston assumed command of the combined armies under the name Army of the Potomac.
| First Brigade | Brigadier General Thomas J. Jackson | |
| 2nd Virginia Infantry Regiment | Colonel James W. Allen | |
| 4th Virginia Infantry Regiment | Colonel James F. Preston | |
| 5th Virginia Infantry Regiment | Colonel Kenton Harper | |
| 27th Virginia Infantry Regiment | Lieutenant Colonel J. Echols | |
| 33rd Virginia Infantry Regiment | Colonel Arthur C. Cummings | Org. July |
| 1st Rockbridge Artillery | Captain William Nelson Pendleton | |
| Second Brigade | Colonel Francis S. Bartow (k 7/21) | |
| 7th Georgia Infantry Regiment | Colonel Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell | |
| 8th Georgia Infantry Regiment | Lieutenant Colonel William M. Gardener (w 7/21) | |
| 9th Georgia Infantry Regiment | Colonel Edwin R. Goulding | not at Manassas |
| 11th Georgia Infantry Regiment | Colonel George T. Anderson | to Manassas 7/22 |
| 1st Kentucky Infantry Battalion | Lieutenant Colonel H. Blanton Duncan | to Manassas 7/21 |
| 2nd Kentucky Battalion Sharpshooters | Major J.D. Pope | to Manassas 7/21 |
| Wise (VA) Artillery Battery | Captain Ephraim G. Alburtis First Lieutenant J. Pelham |
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| Third Brigade | Brigadier General Barnard E. Bee (mw 7/21) | |
| 4th Alabama Infantry Regiment | Colonel Egbert J. Jones (mw 7/21) Major Charles Lewis Scott (w 7/21) Captain Thomas Goldsby |
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| 2nd Mississippi Infantry Regiment | Colonel William C. Falkner | |
| 11th Mississippi Infantry Regiment | Colonel William H. Moore | |
| 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment | Colonel Peter Turney | |
| 6th North Carolina Infantry Regiment | Colonel C.F. Fisher | arr. Winchester 7/16 |
| Staunton (VA) Artillery | Captain John D. Imboden | |
| Fourth Brigade | Colonel Arnold Elzey (to 7/21) Brigadier General Edward Kirby Smith* (w 7/21) Colonel Arnold Elzey (to B.G.**) |
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| 1st Maryland Infantry | Lieutenant Colonel George H. Steuart | |
| Third Tennessee Infantry Regiment | Colonel John C. Vaughn | |
| 10th Virginia Infantry Regiment | Colonel Simeon B. Gibbons | |
| 13th Virginia Infantry Regiment | Colonel Arthur Powell Hill | |
| Newtown Artillery | First Lieutenant R.F. Beckham | |
| Fifth Brigade | Brigadier General Edward Kirby Smith* (to 7/21) Colonel John Horace Forney |
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| 9th Alabama Infantry Regiment | Colonel Cadmus M. Wilcox | |
| 10th Alabama Infantry Regiment | Colonel John Horace Forney (^7/21) Lieutenant Colonel James Martin |
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| 11th Alabama Infantry Regiment | Colonel Sydenham Moore | |
| 19th Mississippi Infantry Regiment | Colonel C.H. Mott | |
| 38th Virginia Infantry Regiment | Colonel E.C. Edmonds | |
| Thomas (VA) Artillery | Captain P.B. Stanard | |
| Unattached | ||
| 1st Virginia Cavalry Regiment | Colonel J.H. Drake Colonel James Ewell Brown Stuart |
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| 7th Virginia Cavalry Regiment | Colonel Angus W. McDonald |
*E. Kirby Smith’s 5th Brigade of the Army of the Shenandoah was held up by rail tranportation shortages at Piedmont station and did not make it to Manassas in time for the battle. Smith went on ahead and was given temporary command of the 4th Brigade, which had no general officer and was commanded by its senior colonel, Arnold Elzey. Smith was badly wounded during the battle and Elzey resumed command, doing such a capable job that President Davis gave him a battlefield promotion to brigadier general.