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United States Army > Army of the Potomac

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< to June • July 1863 • to August >

Commanded by:
Major General Abner Doubleday (7/1 – 7/2)
Major General John Newton (after 7/2)

On June 30 1st Corps commander Major General John F. Reynolds was assigned temporary command of the army’s Left Wing, which included the 3rd and 11th Corps along with the 1st Corps. Reynolds remained with the 1st Corps, and on July 1 went into battle at Gettysburg with its lead division. He was killed by a sharpshooter early in the fighting. The corps lost 50% casualties during the battle, mostly on July 1. Major General Doubleday took over the corps after Reynolds’ death. But General Meade had no confidence in Doubleday and decided to bring in Major General John Newton from outside to command the corps. This lead to Doubleday’s departure from the army on July 7, and Doubleday’s lifelong hatred of Meade.

Headquarters Escort
1st Maine Cavalry, Co. L	Captain Constantine Taylor
First Division	Brigadier General John S. Wadsworth (until 7/15) Brigadier General L. Cutler
1st Brigade “Iron Brigade”	Brigadier General Solomon Meredith (w 7/2) Colonel W.W. Robinson
19th Indiana Infantry Regiment	Colonel Samuel J. Williams (w 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel William W. Dudley (w&c 7/1) Major John M. Lindley (w 7/1)
24th Michigan Infantry Regiment	Colonel Henry A. Morrow (w&c 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel Mark Flanagan (w 7/1) Major Edwin Wight (w 7/1) Captain Albert M. Edwards
2nd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment	Colonel Lucius Fairchild (w&c 7/1) Lieutenant Col. George H. Stevens (mw 7/1) Major John Mansfield (w 7/1)
6th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment	Lieutenant Colonel Rufus R. Dawes
7th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment	Colonel William W. Robinson Lieutenant Colonel John B. Callis (w&c 7/1) Major Mark Finnicum (w 7/1)
1st New York Sharpshooter Battalion		from Dept. Va., 7 Corps, 1 Div., 1 Brig.
167th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel Joseph D. Davis	from Dept. Va., 7 Corps, 1 Div., 1 Brig.
Second Brigade	Brigadier General L. Cutler (until 7/15) Colonel E. B. Fowler (after 7/15)
7th Indiana Infantry Regiment	Colonel Ira G. Grover
14th New York State Militia (84th N.Y.)	Colonel Edward Fowler
76th New York Infantry Regiment	Major Andrew J. Grover (k 7/1) Captain John E. Cook (to 7/12) Colonel Charles E. Livingston	Col. Livingston was acting AAG to Gen. Doubleday from Dec.1862 to 7/12
95th New York Infantry Regiment	Colonel George H. Biddle (w 7/1) Major Edward Pye (after 7/1)
147th New York Infantry Regiment	Lieutenant Colonel Francis C. Miller (w 7/1) Major George Harney (after 7/1)
56th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel John W. Hofmann
Second Division	Brigadier General John C. Robinson	*see Note 1 (below)
1st Brigade	Brigadier General Gabriel B. Paul (w 7/1) Colonel S. H. Leonard(w 7/1) Colonel A. R. Root (w 7/1) Colonel R. Coulter (7/1 – w 7/3) Colonel Peter Lyle (7/3) Colonel R. Coulter (7/3 – 7/5) Colonel Peter Lyle (after 7/5)
16th Maine Infantry Regiment	Colonel Charles W. Tilden (c 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel Augustus Farnham
13th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment	Colonel Samuel H. Leonard (to 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel Nathaniel W. Batchelder
39th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment	Colonel Phineas S. Davis	from Dist. Washington, 22nd Corps 7/9
94th New York Infantry Regiment	Colonel A. R. Root (until 7/1) Major Samuel Moffat (after 7/1)
104th New York Infantry Regiment	Colonel Gilbert G. Prey
11th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment	Captain Jacob J. Bierer (after 7/1)	temp. attached from 2 Brig. 7/2-7/5
107th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment	Lieutenant Colonel James M. Thomson (w 7/1) Captain Emanuel D. Roath
Second Brigade	Brigadier General H. Baxter
12th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment	Colonel James L. Bates (w 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel David Allen
83rd New York Infantry (9th NYSM)	Lieutenant Colonel Joseph A. Moesch
97th New York Infantry Regiment	Colonel Charles Wheelock (c 7/1-7/4) Lieutenant Colonel John P. Spofford (c 7/1) Major Charles Northrup (7/1-7/4)
11th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel R. Coulter	temp. attached to 1 Brig. 7/2-7/5
88th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment	Captain Edmund Mass (c 7/1) Captain Henry Whiteside
90th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel Peter Lyle (to 7/3 and 7/4-7/5) Major Alfred J. Sellers (7/3 and after 7/5)
Third Division	Brigadier General Thomas A. Rowley (until 7/2) Major General Abner Doubleday (7/2 – 7/7) Brigadier General J.R. Kenly (after 7/7)	See Note 2 (below)
1st Brigade	Colonel Chapman Biddle (7/1) Brigadier General Thomas A. Rowley (7/2) Colonel Chapman Biddle (7/2-7/10)
80th New York Infantry Regiment	Colonel Theodore B. Gates	to Army Potomac Provost Guard
121st Pensylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel Chapman Biddle (7/1 & 7/2 – 7/10) Major Alexander Biddle (except 7/2 – 7/10)
142nd Pensylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel Robert P. Cummins (mw 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel Alfred B. McCalmont
151st Pensylvania Infantry Regiment	Lieutenant Colonel George F. McFarland (w 7/1)	mustered out 7/27
Second Brigade	Brigadier General Roy Stone (w 7/1) Colonel Langhorne Wistar (w 7/1) Colonel Edmund L. Dana
143rd Pensylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel Edmund L. Dana (^ 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel John D. Musser (w 7/1)
149th Pensylvania Infantry Regiment	Lieutenant Colonel Walton Dwight (w 7/1) Captain John Irvin (after 7/1)
150th Pensylvania Infantry Regiment	Colonel Langhorne Wistar (to 7/1) Lieutenant Colonel Henry Huidekoper (w 7/1)
Third Brigade (until 7/11)	Brigadier General G. Stannard (w 7/3) Colonel Francis V. Randall (7/3 – 7/11)	The brigade was dissolved 7/11 and was replaced (below)
12th Vermont Infantry Regiment	Colonel Asa P. Blunt	to Brattleboro to muster out 7/6
13th Vermont Infantry Regiment	Colonel Francis V. Randall (to 7/3) Major Joseph J. Boynton	to Brattleboro to muster out 7/8
14th Vermont Infantry Regiment	Lieutenant Colonel Charles W. Rose	to Brattleboro to muster out 7/18
15th Vermont Infantry Regiment	Colonel Redford Proctor	to Brattleboro to muster out 7/18
16th Vermont Infantry Regiment	Colonel Wheelock G. Veazey	to Brattleboro to muster out 7/18
Third Brigade (after 7/11)	Colonel Nathan T. Dushane
1st Maryland Infantry Regiment	Lieutanant Colonel John W. Wilson	from 8 Corps, French’s Div., Md. Brig.
4th Maryland Infantry Regiment	Colonel Richard N. Bowerman
7th Maryland Infantry Regiment	Lieutenant Colonel Charles E. Phelps
8th Maryland Infantry Regiment	Colonel Andrew W. Denison
Corps Artillery	Colonel Charles Wainwright
2nd Maine Battery	Captain James A. Hall
5th Maine Battery	Lieutenant Greenleaf T. Stevens (w 7/2) Lieutenant Edward N. Whittier (after 7/2)
1st New York Artillery, Battery E	attached to battery L (see below)
1st New York Artillery, Battery L	Captain John A. Reynolds (w 7/1) Lieutenant George Beck
1st Pennsylvania Artillery, Battery B	Captain James H. Cooper
4th United States Artillery, Battery B	Lieutenant James Stewart (w 7/1) Lieutenant James Davison (w 7/1)

*Note 1: The 2nd Division suffered 56% casualties at Gettysburg, most in fighting west of town on the first day. Gabriel Paul’s First Brigade fared slightly worse with 67%, with Paul suffering a head wound that left him blind. The loss of officers in his brigade was so severe that the 11th Pennsylvania was temporarily transferred from the Second Brigade so that Colonel Richard Coulter could take command; when he, in turn, was wounded, Colonel Peter Lyle of the 90th Pennsylvania was borrowed to take over the survivors.

*Note 2: The Third Division’s 1st and 2nd Brigades suffered along with the rest of the Corps on the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg, losing over 60% casualties. The newly transferred 3rd Brigade did not join the division from Washington until the second day of battle and left two regiments behind guarding supply lines, so although it performed superbly on July 2 and during Pickett’s Charge its casualties were much lighter. Stannard’s heroic Vermonters mustered out during the month and were replaced with a fresh brigade from the Washington defences.